Research Journal of Medical Sciences
ISSN: Online 1993-6095ISSN: Print 1815-9346
Abstract
Tuberculosis (TB), an infectious disease, stands as a prominent contributor to global mortality and morbidity. Individuals with diabetes mellitus (DM) face a threefold increased likelihood of developing active tuberculosis (TB) compared to their non‐diabetic counterparts. This study was done to ascertain the clinical and radiological manifestations of pulmonary tuberculosis in individuals diagnosed with diabetes mellitus. A study involving 136 subjects with both DM and pulmonary TB was undertaken. The diagnostic process included a thorough history assessment, clinical examination, sputum analysis for acid‐fast bacilli and chest radiography. The clinical profiles, relevant tests and radiological findings were compiled and subjected to analysis. The study sample comprised of majority of males. Prevalent symptoms included cough, fever, and anorexia. Additional symptoms encompassed weight loss, hemoptysis, dyspnea, chest discomfort, and night sweats. A history of tuberculosis was reported in 24.26% of patients, 13.24% had associated hypertension, and 8.82% had concomitant ischemic heart disease. Among patients, 57.35% were smokers and 8.82% had a familial history of tuberculosis. Right‐sided lung lesions were more prevalent in patients aged over 45, while left‐sided lesions were found in similar number of cases in under or over 45. Bilateral lesions were more common in over 45 patients. Lower lung field lesions were more prevalent in patients. Chest X‐ray findings included cavities, fibrous cavities, and infiltrative lesions. Tuberculous individuals with diabetes tend to have multiple cavities and involvement of multiple lobes. Those over 65 show a higher impact on the lower lung field. Notably, diabetes doesn't influence the presenting characteristics of pulmonary TB.
How to cite this article:
S. Nagaraj, M. Ravi Shankar and S. Suguna. A Comprehensive Analysis of Clinical and Radiological Manifestations of Pulmonary Tuberculosis in Diabetic Patients.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.36478/10.59218/makrjms.2024.3.213.216
URL: https://www.makhillpublications.co/view-article/1815-9346/10.59218/makrjms.2024.3.213.216