Abiodun S.  Bankole, Kareem Olayinka  Idowu, 
    The Effects of European Union’s Trade Barriers on Africa’s Exports,
    Journal of Economics Theory,
    Volume 4,Issue 3,
    2010,
    Pages 79-83,
    ISSN 1994-8212,
    jeth.2010.79.83,
    (https://makhillpublications.co/view-article.php?doi=jeth.2010.79.83)
    Abstract: Africa’s growth sustainability depends in part on the extent to which it can exploit opportunities that are bound in trade. Many of Africa’s major exports are confronted with trade barriers in the markets of their trade partners. These barriers make it difficult for the continent to take advantage of the opportunity that abounds in trade. It is to this end that this study evaluates the effects of trade barriers in the European Union (EU) on African exports. The researchers found that tariffs are the major trade barriers to Africa’s exports in the EU market, however the non-tariff barriers significantly affect Africa’s exports to this market.
    Keywords: Trade barriers;exports;Africa;panel data;economy;economy