files/journal/2022-09-03_18-51-40-000000_599.png

Research Journal of Medical Sciences

ISSN: Online 1993-6095
ISSN: Print 1815-9346

References

  1. Morgan and Mikhail’s., 2013. Clinical Anaesthesiology. 0 0, January 01-01, 1970, In: 0, 0 (Ed.)., 0 Edn., 0, 0, ISBN-1: 0, 0 46: 1-10.
  2. Raghove, P., K. Singh, S. Taxak, M. Ahlawat and S. Hooda, 2016. Comparison of Ultrasound Guided Technique with Conventional Landmark Technique for Supraclavicular Brachial Plexus Nerve Block in Patients Undergoing Upper Limb Surgery. 0 0, January 01-01, 1970, In: 0, 0 (Ed.)., 0 Edn., 0, 0, ISBN-1: 0, Int. J. Pharmacol. Clin. Sci., 5: 1-10.
  3. Das, A., S. Dutta, P. Mandal, K. Mukherjee, A. Mukherjee and S. Basunia, 2014. Evaluation of Magnesium as an adjuvant in Ropivacaine-induced supraclavicular brachial plexus block: A prospective, double-blinded randomized controlled study. 0 0, January 01-01, 1970, In: 0, 0 (Ed.)., 0 Edn., 0, 0, ISBN-1: 0, J. Res. Pharm. Pract., 3: 1-10.
  4. Winnie A.P., 1984.  Historical consideration.   0 0, January 01-01, 1970, In: Plexus Anaesthesia., 0 (Ed.)., 0 Edn., Churchill Livingstone.,, New York.,, ISBN-1: 0, 0 pp: 1-10.
  5. Halsted W.S., 1885. Practical comments on the use and abuse of cocaine: Suggested by its invariably successful employment in more than a thousand minor surgical operations. 0 0, January 01-01, 1970, In: 0, 0 (Ed.)., 0 Edn., 0, 0, ISBN-1: 0, N Y Med J., Vol. 42. 0 1-10.
  6. Kulenkampff, D. and M. Persky., 1928. BRACHIAL PLEXUS ANÆSTHESIA. Its indications, technique and dangers. Ann. Surg., 87: 883-891.
  7. Winnie A., 1993. Plexus anesthesia. Perivascular techniques of brachial plexus block.  0 0, January 01-01, 1970, In: 0, 0 (Ed.)., 0 Edn., Saunders W.B. Company.,, Philadelphia.,, ISBN-14: 978-0721611723, 0 pp: 1-10.
  8. Winnie, A.P. and V.J. Collins, 1964. The Subclavian Perivascular Technique of Brachial Plexus Anesthesia. Anesthesiology, 25: 353-363.
  9. Raj P.P., S.J. Montgomery, D. Nettles and M.T. Jenkins., 1973.  Infraclavicular brachial plexus block: A new approach.   0 0, January 01-01, 1970, In: 0, 0 (Ed.)., 0 Edn., 0, 0, ISBN-1: 0, Anesth Analg., Vol. 52. 0 1-10.
  10. Raj P.P., 1997. Infraclavicular approaches to brachial plexus Anesthesia.  1997; 1:169-77 0 0, January 01-01, 1970, In: 0, 0 (Ed.)., 0 Edn., 0, 0, ISBN-1: 0, Techniques in Reg Anesth and Pain Management., 1: 1-10.
  11. Raj P.P., U. Pai and N. Rawal., 1991. Techniques of regional anesthesia in adults. 0 0, January 01-01, 1970, In: In Clinical Practice of Regional Anesthesia., Raj., (Ed.)., 0 Edn., Churchill Livingstone.,, New York.,, ISBN-1: 0, 0 pp: 1-10.
  12. Ronald D., 2000.  Miller Anesthesia. 0 0, January 01-01, 1970, In: 0, 0 (Ed.)., 0 Edn., 0, 0, ISBN-1: 0, 0 pp: 1-10.
  13. Harold E. and L. Andrew., 2014.  Anatomy for Anaesthetists. 0 0, January 01-01, 1970, In: 0, 0 (Ed.)., 0 Edn., 0, 0, ISBN-1: 0, 0 pp: 1-10.
  14. Kuthiala, G. and G. Chaudhary, 2011. Ropivacaine: A review of its pharmacology and clinical use. Indian J. Anaesth., 55: 104-110.
  15. Ala-Kokko, T.I., S. Alahuhta, P. Jouppila, K. Korpi, P. Westerling and K. Vähäkangas, 1997. Feto-maternal distribution of ropivacaine and bupivacaine after epidural administration for cesarean section. 0 0, January 01-01, 1970, In: 0, 0 (Ed.)., 0 Edn., 0, 0, ISBN-1: 0, Int. J. Obstetric Anesthesia, 6: 1-10.
  16. Simpson, D., M.P. Curran, V. Oldfield and G.M. Keating, 2005. Ropivacaine: A review of its use in regional anaesthesia and acute pain management.  0 0, January 01-01, 1970, In: 0, 0 (Ed.)., 0 Edn., 0, 0, ISBN-1: 0, Drugs, 65: 1-10.
  17. Woolf, C.J. and S.W.N. Thompson, 1991. The induction and maintenance of central sensitization is dependent on N -methyl-d-aspartic acid receptor activation; implications for the treatment of post-injury pain hypersensitivity states. 0 0, January 01-01, 1970, In: 0, 0 (Ed.)., 0 Edn., 0, 0, ISBN-1: 0, Pain, 44: 1-10.
  18. Ascher, P. and L. Nowak, 1987. Electrophysiological studies of NMDA receptors. 0 0, January 01-01, 1970, In: 0, 0 (Ed.)., 0 Edn., 0, 0, ISBN-1: 0, Trends Neurosci.s, 10: 1-10.
  19. Woolf, C.J. and M.S. Chong, 1993. Preemptive Analgesia—Treating Postoperative Pain by Preventing the Establishment of Central Sensitization. Anesthesia & Analg., 77: 362-379.
  20. Kroin, J.S., R.J. McCarthy, N.V. Roenn, B. Schwab, K.J. Tuman and A.D. Ivankovich, 2000. Magnesium Sulfate Potentiates Morphine Antinociception at the Spinal Level. 0 0, January 01-01, 1970, In: 0, 0 (Ed.)., 0 Edn., 0, 0, ISBN-1: 0, Anesthesia & Analg., 9: 1-10.
  21. Liu, H.T., M.W. Hollmann, W.H. Liu, C.W. Hoenemann and M.E. Durieux, 2001. Modulation of NMDA Receptor Function by Ketamine and Magnesium: Part I. 0 0, January 01-01, 1970, In: 0, 0 (Ed.)., 0 Edn., 0, 0, ISBN-1: 0, Anesthesia & Analg., 92: 1-10.
  22. Miranda, H.F., D. Bustamante, V. Kramer, T. Pelissier and H. Saavedra et al., 1992. Antinociceptive effects of Ca2+ channel blockers. 0 0, January 01-01, 1970, In: 0, 0 (Ed.)., 0 Edn., 0, 0, ISBN-1: 0, Eur. J. Pharmacol., 217: 1-10.
  23. Santillán, R., J.M. Maestre, M.A. Hurlé and J. Flórez, 1994. Enhancement of opiate analgesia by nimodipine in cancer patients chronically treated with morphine: A preliminary report. 0 0, January 01-01, 1970, In: 0, 0 (Ed.)., 0 Edn., 0, 0, ISBN-1: 0, Pain, 58: 1-10.
  24. Herroeder, S., M.E. Schönherr, S.G.D. Hert, M.W. Hollmann and D.S. Warner, 2011. Magnesium—Essentials for Anesthesiologists. 0 0, January 01-01, 1970, In: 0, 0 (Ed.)., 0 Edn., 0, 0, ISBN-1: 0, Anesthesiology, 114: 1-10.
  25. Bilir, A., S. Gulec, A. Erkan and A. Ozcelik, 2007. Epidural magnesium reduces postoperative analgesic requirement. 0 0, January 01-01, 1970, In: 0, 0 (Ed.)., 0 Edn., 0, 0, ISBN-1: 0, Br. J. Anaesth., 98: 1-10.
  26. Fawcett, W.J., E.J. Haxby and D.A. Male, 1999. Magnesium: Physiology and pharmacology. 0 0, January 01-01, 1970, In: 0, 0 (Ed.)., 0 Edn., 0, 0, ISBN-1: 0, Br. J. Anaesth., 83: 1-10.
  27. BANAI, S. and D. TZIVONI, 1993. Drug Therapy For Torsade de Pointes. 0 0, January 01-01, 1970, In: 0, 0 (Ed.)., 0 Edn., 0, 0, ISBN-1: 0, J. Cardiovasc. Electrophysiology, 4: 1-10.
  28. Bruce, B.G., A. Green, T.A. Blaine and L.V. Wesner, 2012. Brachial Plexus Blocks for Upper Extremity Orthopaedic Surgery. Am. Acad. Orthop. Surgeon, 20: 38-47.
  29. Vainionpaa, V.A., E.T. Haavisto, T.M. Huha, K.J. Korpi and L.S. Nuutinen et al., 1995. A Clinical and Pharmacokinetic Comparison of Ropivacaine and Bupivacaine in Axillary Plexus Block. 0 0, January 01-01, 1970, In: 0, 0 (Ed.)., 0 Edn., 0, 0, ISBN-1: 0, Anesthesia & Analg., 81: 1-10.
  30. Jarbo, K., Y.K. Batra, M. Nidhi and B. Panda, 2005. Brachial plexus block with midazolam and bupivacaine improves analgesia. 0 0, January 01-01, 1970, In: 0, 0 (Ed.)., 0 Edn., 0, 0, ISBN-1: 0, Can. J. Anesthesia/J. canadien d'anesthésie, 52: 1-10.
  31. Singh, S., R. Goyal, K. Upadhyay, N. Sethi, R. Sharma and A. Sharma, 2015. An evaluation of brachial plexus block using a nerve stimulator versus ultrasound guidance: A randomized controlled trial. J. Anaesthesiol. Clin. Pharmacol., 31: 370-374.
  32. M, V., U. Goud, S. P and P. Kumar, 2015. COMPARISON BETWEEN CONVENTIONAL TECHNIQUE AND ULTRASOUND GUIDED SUPRACLAVICULAR BRACHIAL PLEXUS BLOCK IN UPPER LIMB SURGERIES. 0 0, January 01-01, 1970, In: 0, 0 (Ed.)., 0 Edn., 0, 0, ISBN-1: 0, J. Evol. Med. Dent. Sci., 4: 1-10.
  33. Riveron P., G. Lemus, B. Velasco and V. Ruiz., 2009. Clinical comparison of bupivacaine and ropivacaine for neurostimulation-guided brachial plexus block by axillary approach. 0 0, January 01-01, 1970, In: 0, 0 (Ed.)., 0 Edn., 0, 0, ISBN-1: 0, Revista Mexicana de Anestesiologia., 32: 1-10.
  34. Telci, L., F. Esen, D. Akcora, T. Erden, A.T. Canbolat and K. Akpir, 2002. Evaluation of effects of magnesium sulphate in reducing intraoperative anaesthetic requirements. Br. J. Anaesth., 89: 594-598.
  35. Koinig, H., T. Wallner, P. Marhofer, H. Andel, K. Horauf and N. Mayer, 1998. Magnesium Sulfate Reduces Intra- and Postoperative Analgesic Requirements. Anesthesia & Analg., 87: 206-210.
  36. Nath, M., R. Garg, T. Talukdar, D. Choudhary and A. Chakrabarty, 2012. To evaluate the efficacy of intrathecal magnesium sulphate for hysterectomy under subarachnoid block with bupivacaine and fentanyl: A prospective randomized double blind clinical trial. 0 0, January 01-01, 1970, In: 0, 0 (Ed.)., 0 Edn., 0, 0, ISBN-1: 0, Saudi J. Anaesth., 6: 1-10.
  37. Garg, R., S. Banwait, S. Sharma, M. Pawar and R. Sood, 2012. Evaluation of single epidural bolus dose of magnesium as an adjuvant to epidural fentanyl for postoperative analgesia: A prospective, randomized, double-blind study. 0 0, January 01-01, 1970, In: 0, 0 (Ed.)., 0 Edn., 0, 0, ISBN-1: 0, Saudi J. Anaesth., 6: 1-10.
  38. GUNDUZ, A., A. BILIR and S. GULEC, 2006. Magnesium Added to Prilocaine Prolongs the Duration of Axillary Plexus Block. 0 0, January 01-01, 1970, In: 0, 0 (Ed.)., 0 Edn., 0, 0, ISBN-1: 0, Regional Anesthesia Pain Med., 31: 1-10.
  39. Ekmekci, P., Z.K. Bengisun, B. Akan, B.K. Kazbek, K.S. Ozkan and A.H. Suer, 2013. The effect of magnesium added to levobupivacaine for femoral nerve block on postoperative analgesia in patients undergoing ACL reconstruction. 0 0, January 01-01, 1970, In: 0, 0 (Ed.)., 0 Edn., 0, 0, ISBN-1: 0, Knee Surg., Sports Traumatology, Arthroscopy, 21: 1-10.
  40. Dogru, K., D. Yildirim, A. Ulgey, R. Aksu, C. Bicer and A. Boyaci, 2012. Adding magnesium to levobupivacaine for axillary brachial plexus block in arteriovenous fistule surgery. 0 0, January 01-01, 1970, In: 0, 0 (Ed.)., 0 Edn., 0, 0, ISBN-1: 0, Bratislava Med. J., 113: 1-10.
  41. Lee, A.R., H.W. Yi, I.S. Chung, J.S. Ko and H.J. Ahn et al., 2012. Magnesium added to bupivacaine prolongs the duration of analgesia after interscalene nerve block. 0 0, January 01-01, 1970, In: 0, 0 (Ed.)., 0 Edn., 0, 0, ISBN-1: 0, Can. J. Anesthesia/J. canadien d'anesthésie, 59: 1-10.
  42. ELShamaa, H.A., M. Ibrahim and H. l Eldesuky, 2014. Magnesium sulfate in femoral nerve block, does postoperative analgesia differ? A comparative study. 0 0, January 01-01, 1970, In: 0, 0 (Ed.)., 0 Edn., 0, 0, ISBN-1: 0, Egypt. J. Anaesth., 30: 1-10.
  43. Iwata, T., K. Nakahashi, S. Inoue and H. Furuya, 2013. Low-dose ropivacaine for supraclavicular brachial plexus block combined with general anesthesia for successful postoperative analgesia: A case series. 0 0, January 01-01, 1970, In: 0, 0 (Ed.)., 0 Edn., 0, 0, ISBN-1: 0, Saudi J. Anaesth., 7: 1-10.
  44. Arora, M., T. Muthiah, A. Trikha, R. Sunder, G. Prasad and P. Singh, 2016. Efficacy of magnesium as an adjuvant to bupivacaine in 3-in-1 nerve block for arthroscopic anterior cruciate ligament repair. 0 0, January 01-01, 1970, In: 0, 0 (Ed.)., 0 Edn., 0, 0, ISBN-1: 0, Indian J. Anaesth., 60: 1-10.
  45. Manjula R.I., C. Sangeetha and V.M. Vasundhara., 2014. Effects of adding Magnesium Sulphate to Ropivacaine and Fentanyl for spinal anaesthesia.   0 0, January 01-01, 1970, In: 0, 0 (Ed.)., 0 Edn., 0, 0, ISBN-1: 0, IOSR Journal of Dental and Medical Sciences (IOSR-JDMS)., 13: 1-10.
  46. Lysakowski, C., L. Dumont, C. Czarnetzki and M.R. Tramèr, 2007. Magnesium as an Adjuvant to Postoperative Analgesia: A Systematic Review of Randomized Trials. 0 0, January 01-01, 1970, In: 0, 0 (Ed.)., 0 Edn., 0, 0, ISBN-1: 0, Anesthesia & Analg., 104: 1-10.
  47. Vaghadia, H., V. Chan, S. Ganapathy, A. Lui, J. McKenna and K. Zimmer, 1999. A multicentre trial of ropivacaine 7.5 mg·ml−1 vs bupivacaine 5 mg·ml−1 for supra clavicular brachial plexus anesthesia. 0 0, January 01-01, 1970, In: 0, 0 (Ed.)., 0 Edn., 0, 0, ISBN-1: 0, Can. J. Anesthesia/J. canadien d'anesthésie, 46: 1-10.
  48. Hofmann-Kiefer, K., C. Herbrich, A. Seebauer, D. Schwender and K. Peter, 2002. Ropivacaine 7.5 mg/ml versus Bupivacaine 5 mg/ml for Interscalene Brachial Plexus Block—A Comparative Study. 0 0, January 01-01, 1970, In: 0, 0 (Ed.)., 0 Edn., 0, 0, ISBN-1: 0, Anaesth. Intensive Care, 30: 1-10.
  49. Gita S., S. Mustafa, F. Abolfazl and T. Farzaneh., 2007.  The additional effect of Magnesium Sulphate to Lidocaine in spinal anesthesia for Cesarean section. 0 0, January 01-01, 1970, In: 0, 0 (Ed.)., 0 Edn., 0, 0, ISBN-1: 0, International Journal of Pharmacology., 3: 1-10.
  50. Askar, F., J. Ahmed and M. Hassan, 2017. Effect of Adding Magnesium Sulphate to Pediatric Caudal Bupivacaine on Hemodynamics Parameters and Surgical Stress: Randomized Double-Blind Control Study. 0 0, January 01-01, 1970, In: 0, 0 (Ed.)., 0 Edn., 0, 0, ISBN-1: 0, The Int. Ann. Med., 1: 1-10.
  51. Ræder, J.C., S. Drøsdahl, Ø. Klaastad, O. Kvalsvik and B. Isaksen et al., 1999. Axillary brachial plexus block with ropivacaine 7.5 mg/ml. 0 0, January 01-01, 1970, In: 0, 0 (Ed.)., 0 Edn., 0, 0, ISBN-1: 0, Acta Anaesthesiologica Scand., 43: 1-10.
  52. Rana, S., V. Verma, S. Chaudhary, J. Singh, R. Verma and S. Sood, 2017. A dose-finding randomised controlled trial of magnesium sulphate as an adjuvant in ultrasound-guided supraclavicular brachial plexus block. 0 0, January 01-01, 1970, In: 0, 0 (Ed.)., 0 Edn., 0, 0, ISBN-1: 0, Indian J. Anaesth., 61: 1-10.