@article{MAKHILLRJBS20138511414,
    title = {Troponin T and Caspase-3 Changes Induced by Theophylline and Quercetin in Heart Tissue of Rat Embryo},
    journal = {Research Journal of Biological Sciences},
    volume = {8},
    number = {5},
    pages = {161-165},
    year = {2013},
    issn = {1815-8846},
    doi = {rjbsci.2013.161.165},
    url = {https://makhillpublications.co/view-article.php?issn=1815-8846&doi=rjbsci.2013.161.165},
    author = {Neda Sistani,Ardeshir,Hossein Najafzadeh,Babak,Kambiz Ahmadi and},
    keywords = {Theophylline,quercetin,troponin T,caspase-3,heart tissue,rat embryo},
    abstract = {Theophylline induces heart anomaly in human and animal fetus. 
  Intracellular oxidative stress might be one of the mechanisms of action of the 
  teratogens. The aim of this study was to investigate the protective effect o 
  quercetin on theophylline induced-heart disorder in rat embryo. For this study, 
  pregnant female rats were randomly divided into a controlled and 3 experimental 
  groups. Experimental groups received theophylline (259 mg kg<SUP>-1</SUP>, orally), 
  quercetin (100 mg kg<SUP>-1</SUP>, ip), theophylline and quercetin (259 mg kg<SUP>-1</SUP>, 
  orally and 100 mg kg<SUP>-1</SUP>, ip), respectively on 9th and 10th days of 
  pregnancy. The control group received an equal volume of normal saline on 9th 
  and 10th days (ip). The fetuses were recovered on day 19, then their weight 
  and length of fetus were measured and their hearts were removed to assay the 
  level of troponin T and caspase-3 in heart tissues. The result indicated that 
  the mean weight and length were significantly decreased by theophylline in comparison 
  with control group. Amount of troponin T was not different in any groups. Theophylline 
  increased caspase-3 activity in comparison with control group.}
    }